Dougherty Creek is a 16-mile trout stream in southwestern Wisconsin, flowing through Green and Lafayette Counties. The creek winds its way through rolling farmland, small forests, and wetlands before joining the East Branch of the Pecatonica River. Along its course, it is fed by tributaries such as Prairie Brook.

Recognized as a Class II trout stream for much of its length, Dougherty Creek offers opportunities for trout fishing and wildlife viewing. However, the stream has been impacted by agricultural runoff and streambank erosion, particularly in areas of pastureland. Water quality concerns include elevated phosphorus levels and degraded biological communities.

Ongoing conservation efforts include a past priority watershed project and a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan aimed at reducing pollution and improving habitat. The U.S. Geological Survey has monitored water conditions near Postville, WI, since 2006.